Table 1 Early childbearing by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of women aged 20–24, India (Pooled data of 1992-93 to 2019-21)
From: Dynamics of caste and early childbearing in India: a perspective of three decades
Background characteristics | Started childbearing below 19 years | Chi-square p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Percentage (%) | Total women | Â |
Castea | Â | Â | Â |
 General | 19.4 | 82,914 | 0.000 |
 SC | 19.5 | 55,636 | |
 ST | 19.7 | 51,130 | |
 OBC | 16.1 | 1,06,449 | |
 Don’t know | 27.9 | 1,401 | |
Years of schoolinga | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 No schooling | 40.0 | 50,370 | |
 < 10 years | 24.7 | 1,01,390 | |
 10 or more years | 6.5 | 1,45,884 | |
Mass media exposurea | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 No | 31.2 | 62,806 | |
 Yes | 14.9 | 2,34,825 | |
Religiona | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 Hindu | 18.5 | 2,22,652 | |
 Muslim | 20.5 | 42,136 | |
 Others | 14.6 | 32,846 | |
Wealth index | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 Poorest | 27.4 | 52,727 | |
 Poorer | 22.6 | 62,513 | |
 Middle | 18.4 | 63,780 | |
 Richer | 14.4 | 62,493 | |
 Richest | 9.3 | 56,140 | |
Place of residence | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 Urban | 13.3 | 82,290 | |
 Rural | 20.3 | 2,15,363 | |
Region | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 South | 19.4 | 40,347 | |
 North | 12.8 | 61,870 | |
 Central | 15.5 | 76,534 | |
 East | 26.1 | 52,065 | |
 North-east | 21.1 | 39,583 | |
 West | 18.4 | 27,254 | |
Time | Â | Â | 0.000 |
 NFHS-1 (1992-93) | 43.7 | 17,218 | |
 NFHS-2 (1998-99) | 44.5 | 15,973 | |
 NFHS-3 (2005-06) | 23.9 | 22,807 | |
 NFHS-4 (2015-16) | 15.0 | 1,22,955 | |
 NFHS-5 (2019-21) | 13.5 | 1,18,700 | |
Total | 18.3 | 297,653 | Â |