Table 1 Age-adjusted characteristics of the study sample (N = 73,433) by years of educational

Age at enrolment (years)

30–39

40–49

50–59

≥ 60

18,358 (24.8)

32,537 (43.9)

17,878 (24.1)

5,384 (7.3)

2,498 (16.0)

6,650 (42.6)

3,985 (25.6)

2,466 (15.8)

6,463 (25.3)

11,576 (45.3)

5,951 (23.3)

1,585 (6.2)

9,397 (28.5)

14,311 (43.4)

7,942 (24.1)

1,333 (4.0)

Mean age (± SD) in years at enrolment

46.4 (8.2)

49.1 (± 9.1)

46.0 (± 8.0)

45.3 (± 7.7)

Body mass index (kg/m²)

Underweight (< 18.5)

Normal weight (20.0-24.9)

Overweight (25.0-29.9)

Obese (≥ 30.0)

1,111 (1.5)

44,261 (60.0)

22,037 (29.7)

6,748 (9.1)

2,31 (1.6)

8,189 (53.7)

5,326 (32.9)

1,853 (11.6)

369 (1.4)

14,841 (57.9)

7,896 (30.9)

2,469 (9.7)

511 (1.5)

21,231 (64.0)

8,815 (27.0)

2,426 (7.4)

Body mass index (kg/m²), mean (± SD)

24.7 (± 3.9)

25.2 (± 3.2)

24.8 (± 4.1)

24.3 (± 4.6)

Physical activity level

Very low (1–2)

Low (3–4)

Moderate (5–6)

High (7–8)

Very high (9–10)

2,830 (3.8)

14,833 (20.0)

31,160 (42.0)

20,996 (28.3)

4,338 (5.9)

901 (5.4)

3,252 (20.3)

6,289 (40.3)

3,959 (25.9)

1,198 (7.8)

963 (3.8)

5,095 (20.0)

11,060 (43.2)

6,989 (27.2)

1,468 (5.7)

966 (3.0)

6,486 (19.8)

13,811 (41.9)

10,048 (30.2)

1,672 (5.0)

Smoking status

Never

Former

Current

26,782 (36.1)

27,608 (37.2)

19,767 (26.7)

4,660 (28.2)

5,354 (34.3)

5,585 (37.6)

8,090 (31.7)

9,516 (37.2)

7,969 (30.6)

14,032 (43.1)

12,738 (38.6)

6,213 (18.0)

Alcohol consumption (g/day)

Teetotaler

Low (0.1–3.9)

Moderate (4.0–10)

High (> 10)

5,878 (7.9)

42,249 (57.0)

18,342 (24.7)

7,688 (10.4)

1,897 (10.6)

10,350 (66.5)

2,530 (16.5)

822 (5.4)

1,793 (6.8)

15,291 (60.0)

6,182 (24.1)

2,309 (8.9)

2,188 (6.6)

16,608 (50.3)

9,630 (29.0)

4,557(13.6)

Marital status

Married/cohabiting

Others

62,618 (84.4)

11,539 (15.6)

13,252 (86.3)

2,347 (13.7)

21,993 (86.1)

3,582 (13.9)

27,373 (82.8)

5,610 (17.2)

Depression

No

Yes

62,442 (84.2)

11,715 (15.8)

13,045 (83.2)

2,554 (16.8)

21,609 (84.6)

3,966 (15.4)

27,788 (84.5)

5,195 (15.5)

History of musculoskeletal pain

No

Yes

63,959 (86.3)

10,198 (13.8)

12,867 (83.1)

2,732 (16.9)

21,898 (85.6)

3,677 (14.4)

29,194 (88.4)

3,789 (11.6)

Any comorbidity

No

Yes

55,954 (75.5)

18,203 (25.5)

10,772 (70.7)

4,827 (29.3)

19,165 (75.0)

6,410 (25.0)

26,017 (78.6)

6,966 (21.4)

Menopausal status

Premenopausal

Postmenopausal

38,386 (51.8)

35,771 (48.2)

6,787 (49.6)

8,812 (50.4)

13,362 (50.9)

12,213 (49.1)

18,237 (52.7)

14,746 (47.3)

Self-reported Fibromyalgia¹

No

Yes

71,794 (96.8)

2,363 (3.2)

14,912 (95.5)

687 (4.5)

24,606 (96.8)

969 (3.2)

32,276 (98.3)

707(1.7)

Event rate of self-reported FM (per 100,000 PY)

235.1 (225.8–244.8)

370.4 (343.7–399.1)

278.2 (261.2–296.2)

150.0 (139.4–161.5)