Table 3 Pairwise comparisons of hormonal results between allocated methods expressed as mean percentage differences (95% confidence interval (CI))

Testosterone

 IUD vs DMPA

7.32

(−3.7, 19.6)

0.202

28.35

(15.19, 43.02)

<  0.001

19.60

(7.24, 33.39)

0.001

Implant vs DMPA

10.09

(−1.21, 22.68)

0.082

−1.14

(− 11.27, 10.15)

0.836

-10.20

(-19.49, 0.18)

0.054

 Implant vs IUD

2.58

(−7.88, 14.22)

0.642

−22.98

(−14.23, −30.83)

<  0.001

−24.91

(-32.63, -16.31)

<0.001

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin

 IUD vs DMPA

−7.73

(−19.23, 5.41)

0.236

21.19

(6.10, 38.42)

0.005

31.34

(15.84, 48.91)

<0.001

 Implant vs DMPA

0.37

(−12.19, 14.73)

0.957

−39.45

(−30.82, − 47)

<  0.001

−39.67

(− 46.82, − 31.56)

<  0.001

 Implant vs IUD

8.78

(− 4.75, 24.23)

0.214

−50.04

(− 42.96, − 56.23)

<  0.001

−54.07

(− 59.48, − 47.94)

<  0.001

Free testosterone

 IUD vs DMPA

14.91

(1.37, 30.26)

0.030

13.53

(0.15, 28.7)

0.047

-1.20

(-11.87, 10.77)

0.836

 Implant vs DMPA

7.70

(−4.97, 22.06)

0.245

29.60

(14.28, 46.97)

<  0.001

20.34

(7.29, 34.97)

0.002

 Implant vs IUD

−6.28

(−17.22, 6.12)

0.306

14.15

(0.76, 29.33)

0.038

21.80

(8.68, 36.50)

0.001