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Table 6 Covariates associated with skilled delivery care utilization

From: The associations between intimate partner violence and maternal health care service utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis

covariate

Variables

Skilled delivery care utilization

Reported AOR, 95% CI

Reference

Socio-demographic

Age

15–24 yrs. = Ref

25-34yrs = 1.23 (1.05,1.45),

35–49 yrs. = 1.45 (1.16–1.80)

[30]

15–24 yrs. = Ref,

25–34 yrs. = 2.07 (1.22–3.49)

35–49 yrs. = 4.08 (1.95–8.54)

[28]

Maternal education

No education = Ref

Primary = 1.43 (1.20,1.69),

Secondary+ = 2.89 (1.39,3.50)

[30]

No education = Ref,

Primary = 2.33 (1.03,5.27), Secondary+ = 5.40 (2.45,11.87)

[28]

Uneducated = Ref

Educated = 3.08 (2.72–3.49)

[29]

Husband’s Education

No education = Ref

Primary = 1.46 (1.22, 1.75),

Secondary+ = 1.81 (1.51, 2.17).

[30]

No education = Ref

Secondary+ = 2.3 [1.18–4.50]

[15]

No education = Ref

Secondary+ = 1.80 (1.05–3.08).

[28]

Employment status

Not working = Ref.

Working 1.24 (1.09–1.42).

[30]

Wealth index

Poor = Ref,

Middle = 2.02 (1.77–2.31)

Rich = 2.89 (2.40–3.47)

[30]

Poor = Ref

Rich = 1.27 (1.13–2.88)

[28]

Poorest = Ref

Rich = 2.59 [1.41–4.76]

[15]

Poor = Ref

Rich = 2.47 (2.22–275)

[29]

Residency

Urban = Ref,

Rural = 0.69 (0.60–0.79).

[30]

Rural = Ref

Urban = 3.67 (3.29–4.09)

[29]

Rural = Ref

Urban = 1.88 (1.18–3.01).

[28]

Marital status

Unmarried/not in union = Ref

Married/in union = 1.45 (1.01–1.30)

[29]

Obstetric/ Access to health information

Parity

para 1 = Ref

para 2–3, 0.66 (0.56–0.79)

para 4+, 0.59 (0.46–0.75)

[30]

 

Para 1 = Ref, Para 2–4 = 0.40 [0.22–0.74]

Para 5 + =0.40 [0.21–0.75]

[15]

ANC

< 4 ANC visits = Ref

4+ ANC = 1.93 [1.34–2.79]

[15]

Access to Newspaper

No access = Ref

Access = 1.84 (1.36–2.48),

[30]

Access to TV

No Access = Ref

Accesses = 1.53 (1.36–1.71)

[30]

Access to Radio

No access = Ref

Access = 1.02 (0.84–1.23)

[30]

  1. Ref Reference category, Yrs Years