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Table 2 Clinical and pathological variables in young breast cancer patients (N = 144) and their associations with disease progression (HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval)

From: Pathological profiles and clinical management challenges of breast cancer emerging in young women in Indonesia: a hospital-based study

Variables

N

%

HR (95%CI)

The family history of breast cancer

 No

133

92.40%

0.969 (0.258–3.640)

 Yes

11

7.60%

ref

Parity

 Nulliparity

17

11.80%

1.925 (0.647–5.730)

 Multiparity

127

88.20%

ref

Chief presentation

 Breast lump

94

65.30%

1.295 (0.6–2.795)

 Skin induration or lesion

37

25.70%

ref

 Axillary mass

4

2.80%

 Pain

9

6.30%

Positive biopsy diagnosis

 Fine needle aspiration

82

56.90%

N/A

 Biopsy

62

43.10%

N/A

Localization

 Right

68

47.20%

3.839 (1.045–14.112)

 Left

51

39.60%

 Bilateral

19

13.20%

ref

Multifocal lumps

 No

118

82%

3.839 (1.045–14.112)

 Yes

26

18%

ref

Tumor size

 Median

5.5 cm

  

  > 3

121

84%

3.8 (1.04–14.11)

  ≤ 3

23

16%

ref

Lymph node involvement

 positive

108

75%

2.159 (0.912–5.108)

 negative

36

25.00%

ref

Stage

 I

5

3.50%

ref

 II

47

32.60%

 III

69

47.900%

0.610 (0.278–1.339)

 IV

23

16%

Distant metastasis at diagnosis

 Yes

23

16%

8.627 (1.909–38.994)

 No

121

84%

ref

Histology

 Ductal

117

81.30%

1.568 (0.289–8.501)

 Lobular

12

8.30%

ref

 Ductolobuler

8

5.60%

 Others

7

4.80%

mSBR grading

 I

1

0.70%

0.836 (0.334–2.092)

 II

30

20.80%

 III

113

78.50%

ref

Angioinvasion

 No

6

4.20%

0.761 (0.134–4.335)

 Yes

138

95.80%

ref

Lymphatic invasion

 No

14

9.70%

2.513 (0.668–9.447)

 Yes

130

90.30%

ref

Hormonal receptor

 Negative

86

59.70%

1.6 (0.753–3.398)

 Positive

57

39.60%

ref

HER2 expression

 Negative

99

68.80%

0.623 (0.281–1.382)

 Positive

44

30.60%

ref

Molecular classification

 Triple Negative

55

38.20%

2.209 (0.945–5.162)

 Luminal

62

43.10%

ref

 HER2

26

18.10%