Table 2 Characteristics of female study participants (n = 2171)
From: Associations between family factors and body weight gain from 20 years old
Model 1 (⊿BMI> = 2.5 kg/m2)a | Model 2 (⊿BMI> = 3.5 kg/m2)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Casesb, c | Contorlsb, c | p c | Casesb, c | Contorlsb, c | p d | |
(n = 706) | (n = 1465) | (n = 482) | (n = 1689) | |||
Age (yr)e | 54.8 ± 9.7 | 54.6 ± 10.8 | 0.651 | 54.7 ± 9.7 | 54.7 ± 10.7 | 0.972 |
BMI (kg/m2)e | 25.0 ± 3.4 | 20.5 ± 2.3 | 0.123 | 25.9 ± 3.5 | 20.8 ± 2.4 | <0.001 |
Height (cm)e | 155.6 ± 5.3 | 155.7 ± 5.8 | 0.259 | 155.7 ± 5.4 | 155.6 ± 5.7 | 0.715 |
Weight (kg)e | 60.6 ± 8.9 | 49.7 ± 6.1 | <0.001 | 63.0 ± 9.1 | 50.4 ± 6.3 | <0.001 |
Obesity, n (%) | 307 (43.5) | 44 (3.0) | <0.001 | 266 (55.2) | 85 (5.0) | <0.001 |
BMI on 20 yr. (kg/m2)e | 20.2 ± 2.3 | 20.9 ± 2.3 | <0.001 | 20.3 ± 2.4 | 20.8 ± 2.3 | <0.001 |
Weight on 20 yr. (kg)e | 48.9 ± 6.1 | 50.5 ± 5.9 | <0.001 | 49.2 ± 6.3 | 50.2 ± 5.9 | <0.001 |
Obesity, n (%) | 26 (3.7) | 67 (4.6) | 0.337 | 21 (4.4) | 72 (4.3) | 0.899 |
Physical activity (METs)e | 31.4 ± 7.3 | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 0.075 | 31.3 ± 7.5 | 32.0 ± 7.3 | 0.076 |
Smoking status, n (%) | 705 | 1463 | <0.01 | 481 | 1687 | <0.001 |
Never smokers | 586 (83.0) | 1282 (87.5) | 394 (81.7) | 1474 (87.4) | ||
Former smokers | 73 (10.3) | 97 (6.6) | 57 (11.8) | 113 (6.7) | ||
Current smokers | 46 (6.5) | 84 (5.7) | 30 (6.2) | 100 (5.9) | ||
Habitual drinking, n (%) | 706 | 1464 | 0.393 | 482 | 1688 | 0.101 |
Never drinkers | 411 (58.2) | 832 (56.8) | 290 (60.2) | 953 (56.5) | ||
Former drinkers | 13 (1.8) | 18 (1.2) | 10 (2.1) | 21 (1.2) | ||
Current drinkers | 282 (39.9) | 614 (41.9) | 182 (37.8) | 714 (42.3) | ||
Stress Feeling, n (%) | 706 | 1465 | <0.01 | 482 | 1689 | 0.126 |
Many times | 48 (6.8) | 113 (7.7) | 33 (6.8) | 128 (7.6) | ||
Normal | 300 (42.5) | 713 (48.7) | 208 (43.2) | 805 (47.7) | ||
Nothing | 358 (50.7) | 639 (43.6) | 241 (50.0) | 756 (44.8) | ||
Education, n (%) | 706 | 1465 | 0.139 | 482 | 1689 | 0.865 |
< 12 yr | 51 (7.2) | 98 (6.7) | 33 (6.8) | 116 (6.9) | ||
12 yr | 356 (50.4) | 752 (51.3) | 247 (51.2) | 861 (51.0) | ||
> = 12 yr | 299 (42.4) | 615 (42.0) | 202 (41.9) | 712 (42.2) | ||
Marital status, n (%) | 706 | 1465 | <0.001 | 482 | 1689 | <0.05 |
Unmarried | 23 (3.3) | 107 (7.3) | 14 (2.9) | 116 (6.9) | ||
Married | 607 (86.0) | 1163 (79.4) | 414 (85.9) | 1356 (80.3) | ||
Bereavement/divorce | 76 (10.8) | 195 (13.3) | 54 (11.2) | 217 (12.8) | ||
Family structure, n (%) | 705 | 1461 | 0.176 | 482 | 1684 | 0.266 |
Single | 29 (4.1) | 83 (5.7) | 19 (16.8) | 93 (19.1) | ||
Couple | 120 (17.0) | 282 (19.2) | 81 (3.9) | 321 (5.5) | ||
Two generations | 358 (50.7) | 688 (47.0) | 247 (51.2) | 799 (47.4) | ||
Three generations | 198 (28.0) | 408 (27.8) | 135 (28.0) | 471 (28.0) | ||
Family relationships, n (%) | 703 | 1459 | <0.001 | 480 | 1682 | 0.163 |
Good | 273 (38.8) | 642 (44.0) | 187 (38.8) | 728 (43.3) | ||
Somewhat good | 339 (48.2) | 674 (46.2) | 233 (48.3) | 780 (46.4) | ||
‘Not so good’/‘not good’ | 91 (12.9) | 143 (9.8) | 60 (12.4) | 174 (10.3) | ||
Pregnancy, n (%) | 705 | 1459 | <0.001 | 482 | 1682 | <0.001 |
Nothing | 44 (6.2) | 165 (11.3) | 25 (5.2) | 184 (10.9) | ||
1 time | 61 (8.7) | 100 (6.9) | 46 (9.5) | 115 (6.8) | ||
> =2 times | 600 (85.1) | 1194 (81.8) | 411 (85.3) | 1383 (82.2) | ||
Childbirth, n (%) | 706 | 1465 | <0.001 | 482 | 1689 | <0.001 |
Nothing | 56 (7.9) | 195 (13.3) | 34 (7.1) | 217 (12.8) | ||
1 time | 81 (11.5) | 127 (8.7) | 62 (12.9) | 146 (8.6) | ||
> =2 times | 569 (80.6) | 1143 (78.0) | 386 (80.1) | 1326 (78.5) | ||
Miscarriage, n (%) | 577 | 1122 | 0.557 | 391 | 1308 | 0.859 |
Nothing | 483 (83.7) | 950 (84.7) | 333 (85.2) | 1100 (84.1) | ||
1 time | 62 (10.7) | 123 (11.0) | 41 (10.5) | 144 (11.1) | ||
> =2 times | 32 (5.5) | 49 (4.4) | 17 (4.3) | 64 (4.9) | ||