Table 2 Multilevel regression of the likelihoods of depressive symptoms in relation to caregiving and social risk factors at individual and country levels among female Baby Boomers

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

 Caregiving

1.30 ***

1.30 ***

1.30 ***

1.30 ***

1.30 ***

1.30 ***

(1.16–1.46)

(1.16–1.46)

(1.16–1.46)

(1.16–1.46)

(1.16–1.46)

(1.16–1.46)

 Married

0.46 ***

0.46 ***

0.46 ***

0.46 ***

0.46 ***

0.46 ***

(0.40–0.52)

(0.40–0.52)

(0.40–0.52)

(0.40–0.52)

(0.40–0.52)

(0.40–0.52)

 Employed

0.53 ***

0.55 ***

0.55 ***

0.55 ***

0.55 ***

0.55 ***

(0.47–0.65)

(0.47–0.64)

(0.47–0.65)

(0.47–0.65)

(0.47–0.65)

(0.47–0.65)

 Married x Employed

1.46 ***

1.46 ***

1.46 ***

1.46 ***

1.46 ***

1.46 ***

(1.23–1.74)

(1.23–1.74)

(1.23–1.74)

(1.23–1.74)

(1.23–1.74)

(1.23–1.74)

 Education

0.78 ***

0.78 ***

0.78 ***

0.78 ***

0.78 ***

0.78 ***

(0.76–0.81)

(0.76–0.80)

(0.76–0.81)

(0.76–0.81)

(0.76–0.81)

(0.76–0.81)

 Age

0.98 *

0.98 *

0.98 *

0.98 *

0.98 *

0.98 *

(0.97–0.998)

(0.97–0.999)

(0.97–0.997)

(0.97–0.997)

(0.97–0.998)

(0.97–0.998)

 Proportion of women in managerial or professional occupations

1.04 *

(1.01–1.08)

 Female vulnerable employment

1.01 *

(1.0001–1.01)

 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments

0.99

(0.98–1.00)

 Adolescent fertility

1.01

(0.99–1.02)

 Female labor force participation

1.00

(0.98–1.01)

Random variance component

Est. (S.E.)

Est. (S.E.)

Est. (S.E.)

Est. (S.E.)

Est. (S.E.)

Est. (S.E.)

 Intercept at level 2

0.06 (0.03)*

0.30 (0.06)*

0.10 (0.04)*

0.08 (0.04)*

0.06 (0.03)*

0.10 (0.03)*

 Intercept at level 3

0.39 (0.13)***

0.00002 (0.001)

0.19 (0.09)*

0.32 (0.08)*

0.30 (0.15)*

0.22 (0.09)*

 Chi-square

264.84***

261.94***

264.43***

262.96***

265.50***

264.30***

 Degrees of freedom

6

7

7

7

7

7