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Table 4 Model estimated differences in physical function decline over time (in years) by age group at baseline and abuse experiencea

From: Cross-sectional and longitudinal risk of physical impairment in a cohort of postmenopausal women who experience physical and verbal abuse

 

50–59 (n = 49,911)

60–69 (n = 67,702)

70–79 (n = 31,884)

Difference in rate of changeb (se)

   

No abuse

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Verbal abuse only

−0.09 (0.02)**

−0.08 (0.02)**

0.00 (0.04)

Physical abuse only

−0.11 (0.11)

0.02 (0.12)

−0.48 (0.25)

Verbal and physical abuse

−0.11 (0.05)*

0.03 (0.06)

0.22 (0.14)

  1. *p < .05; **p < .001 for the null hypothesis that the difference in the current estimate and the estimate for no abuse is equal to zero
  2. aAbuse exposure is modeled as a time-varying exposure in multilevel models
  3. bDifference in rate of change estimates are additionally adjusted for baseline PFS