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Table 2 Living standards and assets in the household

From: Women are considerably more exposed to intimate partner violence than men in Rwanda: results from a population-based, cross-sectional study

Variables

Total (N = 917)

Men (n = 440)

Women (n = 477)

P-value*

Living standards

N

%

n

%

n

%

 

Type of house (n = 915)

       

Combination of buildings, flat, maisonette, modern house

361

39.5

188

42.8

173

36.3

.050

Shack, traditional dwelling

554

60.5

251

57.2

303

63.7

Water source (n = 912)

       

Piped water, public tap, well/borehole,

544

59.6

338

77.0

206

43.6

.000

Surface water, tanker truck

368

40.4

101

23.0

267

56.4

Electricity (n = 914)

       

Yes

107

11.7

39

8.9

68

14.3

0.13

No

807

88.3

400

91.1

407

85.7

Cooking fuel (n = 914)

      

.906

Kerosene, paraffin and other fuels

78

8.5

37

8.4

41

8.6

Firewood and dung

836

91.5

403

91.6

433

91.4

Toilet facility (n = 910)

       

Flushed, improved latrine, other

24

2.6

14

3.2

10

2.1

.031

Latrine, no toilet

886

97.4

422

96.8

464

97.9

Summary measure living standards (n = 917)

       

Improved living standard (at least 1 item in the reference category of the living standard items)

671

73.2

366

83.2

305

63.9

.000

Low level of living standard (0 item in the reference category of the living standard items)

246

26.8

74

16.8

172

36.1

Assets in the household (HH)

       

Radio (n = 916)

586

64.0

300

68.2

286

60.1

.011

Television set (n = 916)

55

6.0

25

5.7

30

6.3

.781

Refrigerator (n = 915)

8

0.9

2

0.5

6

1.3

.290

Bicycle (n = 915)

145

15.8

87

19.8

58

12.2

.002

Motorcycle (n = 915)

17

1.9

4

0.9

13

2.7

.050

Car (n = 915)

12

1.3

3

0.7

9

1.9

.147

Mobile phone (n = 915)

282

30.8

122

27.8

160

33.6

.062

Computer (n = 914)

13

1.4

3

0.7

10

2.1

.094

Summary variable for assets in the HH (n = 917)

       

Improved (at least one of 8 assets)

654

71.3

323

73.4

331

69.4

.189

Poor (none of the 8 assets )

263

28.7

117

26.6

146

30.6

  1. *Chi square test for independence or Fisher’s exact probability test for difference between men and women.
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